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Linux 设置静态 IP

Debian​

vi /etc/network/interfaces

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
allow-hotplug eno1

iface eno1 inet static
address 10.8.40.130
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 10.8.40.1
dns-nameservers 114.114.114.114 223.5.5.5

Ubuntu​

Ubuntu 22​

编辑 /etc/netplan/下的yaml文件

这里文件名是 00-installer-config.yaml

sudo vi /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml

network:
  version: 2
  ethernets:
    eno1:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses:
      - 10.8.40.125/24
      routes:
        - to: default
          via: 10.8.40.1        
      nameservers:
        addresses:
        - 114.114.114.114
        - 223.5.5.5
        search: [localdomain]
      optional: true
    eno2:
      dhcp4: true
    eno3:
      dhcp4: true
    eno4:
      dhcp4: true

sudo netplan apply

Ubuntu 18.04 +​

原来设置 /etc/network/interfaces 的方法还可以用，只是设置的dns没有用 新的配置使用 netplan 管理

修改配置文件​

编辑 /etc/netplan/下的yaml文件

这里文件名是 01-network-manager-all.yaml

sudo vi /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml

# 注释掉 renderer:NetworkManager

network:
    version: 2
    ethernets: 
        # 网络名
        enp0s3:
            # 一个ip数组，用 ‘,’ 隔开
            addresses: [10.8.40.119/24]
            # 使用dhcp 动态获取ip: true/no
            dhcp4: no
            # ipv4 网关
            gateway4: 10.8.40.1
            # dns
            nameservers: 
                addresses: [114.114.114.114]
                search: [localdomain]
            optional: true

# 立即生效
sudo netplan apply

Ubuntu 16​

修改 /etc/network/interfaces​

sudo vi  /etc/network/interfaces
auto eno4
iface eno4 inet static
address 10.8.30.176
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 10.8.30.1
dns-nameserver 114.114.114.114

配置 /etc/resolv.conf​

以上配置完成就可以了 如果是desktop 版本可能设置的dns不能使 /etc/resolv.conf生效. 重启又恢复到默认

安装 resolvconf 服务​

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install resolvconf

配置 resolvconf​

修改 /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head

vi /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head
# 增加
nameserver 223.5.5.5
nameserver 223.6.6.6

保存退出，执行

resolvconf -u

查看 /etc/resolv.conf, 重启再看

cat /etc/resolv.conf

CentOS​

配置文件在 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts 下

这里测试机文件名为：ifcfg-enp0s3

修改 ifcfg-enp0s3 文件

vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3

默认配置

TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=enp0s3
UUID=64a31304-95d8-4ab6-961e-8d5db92f8cc0
DEVICE=enp0s3
ONBOOT=no

修改为

TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
#BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=enp0s3
UUID=64a31304-95d8-4ab6-961e-8d5db92f8cc0
DEVICE=enp0s3
#ONBOOT=no

#static assignment
NM_CONTROLLED=no
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.0.116
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1

修改/etc/sysconfig/network

默认为空

# Created by anaconda
NETWORKING=yes
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
DNS1=114.114.114.114

重启服务

service network restart

补充​

查看网关​

# 查看网关
netstat -rn 
# 或
route -n

设置默认网关​

route add default gw 10.8.30.1

重启网关​

/etc/init.d/networking restart
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